A collection of git notes i usually have to lookup

Create a new local branch and push to remote

git checkout -b <newbranch>
[make changes]
git add [changed files]
git commit -m "[sensible message]"
git push origin <newremotebranch>

Remove any local branches that dont exist on remote

git fetch -p [or --prune]

Show staged files

View changes that have been added but not commited:

git diff --staged

Update submodules

Update submodules to the latest versions (assuming they are already initialised with git submodule init):

git submodule update --remote
[and if you want to push the updates back up]
git add .
git commit -m"[sensible message]"
git push

Patching main and long running feature branches without cherry picking

If you want to

git merge-base main feature

Create a new branch from the common merge base:

git checkout -b patch main <common base>
git checkout patch

Check you’ve got the right merge base by confirming you only see the expected changes:

git log master..patch
git log feature..patch

PR your changes into the main and feature branches as normal.

There’s a really in depth description of why cherry picking should be avoided from Raymond Chen at Microsoft.